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DBMS > 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAgensGraph  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMulti-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQLWell established RDBMSA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#315  Overall
#26  Graph DBMS
#140  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.combitnine.net/­agensgraphwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.combitnine.net/­documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingres
Developer4D, IncBitnine Global Inc.Actian Corporation8Kdata
Initial release198420161974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2016
Current releasev20, April 20232.1, December 201811.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache License 2.0commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCCJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesdepending on used data modelyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Cypher Query Language
JDBC
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
Java
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesyes
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneno, but can be realized using table inheritancehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationIngres ReplicatorSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAgensGraphIngresToroDB
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