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DBMS > 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RethinkDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RethinkDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAgensGraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMulti-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQLA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.20
Rank#321  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
#143  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.combitnine.net/­agensgraphcloud.google.com/­spannerrethinkdb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.combitnine.net/­documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncBitnine Global Inc.GoogleThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842016201720091998
Current releasev20, April 20232.1, December 20182.4.1, August 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache License 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesdepending on used data modelyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Cypher Query Language
JDBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
Java
JavaScript
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnoPL/SQL
TriggersyesnonoClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneno, but can be realized using table inheritanceShardingSharding inforange basednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes infousers and table-level permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAgensGraphGoogle Cloud SpannerRethinkDBTimesTen
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