DBMS > 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. Datomic vs. GBase vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. Datomic vs. GBase vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Multi-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQL

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.20
Rank	#321	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS
	#143	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	1.07
Rank	#185	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

bitnine.net/agensgraph

www.datomic.com

www.gbase.cn

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

bitnine.net/documentation

docs.datomic.com

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

Bitnine Global Inc.

Cognitect

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2016

2012

2004

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.1, December 2018

1.0.6735, June 2023

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C, Java, Python

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

depending on used data model

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

Standard with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Cypher Query Language
JDBC

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
Java
JavaScript
Python

Clojure
Java

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

user defined functions

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

no, but can be realized using table inheritance

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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