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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Geode vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Geode vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.64
Rank#104  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.51
Rank#147  Overall
#25  Key-value stores
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlgeode.apache.orgwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgeode.apache.org/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.Thomas MuellerMicrosoft
Initial release19841971200220052016
Current releasev20, April 20231.1, February 20172.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfireOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaySQL-like query language (OQL)yesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Natural.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
JavaC#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturaluser defined functionsJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQL
Triggersyesnoyes infoCache Event Listenersyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyes, on a single nodeACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Access rights per client and object definablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"GeodeH2Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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