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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldbdbmx.net/­tkrzw
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGFoundationDBGoogleMikio Hirabayashi
Initial release19841971201320112020
Current releasev20, April 20236.2.28, November 20201.23, February 20210.9.3, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingnono
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewaysupported in specific SQL layer onlynono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Natural.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalin SQL-layer onlynono
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event Replicatoryesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoin SQL-layer onlynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing specific database classes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)nonono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"FoundationDBLevelDBTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
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