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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Access vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Access vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdoc.nuodb.com
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGFirebird FoundationMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release198419712000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase19922013
Current releasev20, April 20235.0.0, January 20241902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft Officecommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewayyesyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin NaturalPSQLyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineJava, SQL
Triggersyesnoyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistanonenonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorSource-replica replicationnoneyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Users with fine-grained authorization conceptno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"FirebirdMicrosoft AccessNuoDB
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