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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. DuckDB vs. EJDB vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. DuckDB vs. EJDB vs. LevelDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonEJDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSEmbeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.27
Rank#297  Overall
#44  Document stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlduckdb.orggithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comduckdb.org/­docsgithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdb/­blob/­master/­README.mdgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGSoftmotionsGoogle
Initial release19841971201820122011
Current releasev20, April 20230.10, February 20241.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoGPLv2Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
server-lessserver-lessIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, bool, date, object_idno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewayyesnono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
in-process shared library
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalnonono
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistanonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event Replicatornonenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono infotypically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possibleno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoRead/Write Lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)nonono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"DuckDBEJDBLevelDB
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