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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. CouchDB vs. GridDB vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. CouchDB vs. GridDB vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGridDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Scalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big DataTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionKey-value store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.95
Rank#128  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlcouchdb.apache.orggriddb.nettypedb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.griddb.nettypedb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerToshiba CorporationVaticle
Initial release19841971200520132016
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20235.1, August 20222.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infonumerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestampyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaynoSQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin NaturalView functions in JavaScriptnono
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesConnector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobsyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containersImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID at container levelACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Access rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GridDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsGridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantages1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosFactory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersDenso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
» more
Market metricsGitHub trending repository
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GridDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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