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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Apache Impala vs. Graphite vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Apache Impala vs. Graphite vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformAnalytic DBMS for HadoopData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.83
Rank#67  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-weborientdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlgraphite.readthedocs.iowww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaChris DavisOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release19841971201320062010
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20223.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++PythonJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
LinuxLinux
Unix
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaySQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Sockets
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoJava, Javascript
TriggersyesnononoHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event Replicatorselectable replication factornoneMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infolockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Apache ImpalaGraphiteOrientDB
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