DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Apache Impala vs. Graph Engine

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Apache Impala vs. Graph Engine

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

OLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments

used typically together with the Natural programming platform

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Multivalue DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.17
Rank	#94	Overall
	#1	Multivalue DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.61
Rank	#240	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#35	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.softwareag.com/en_corporate/platform/adabas-natural.html

impala.apache.org

www.graphengine.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

Developer

4D, Inc

Software AG

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

Initial release

1984

1971

2013

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

.NET and C

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE

Linux

.NET

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with add-on product Adabas SQL Gateway

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Natural

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

in Natural

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vista

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, with add-on product Event Replicator

selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

only with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

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