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DBMS > Stardog vs. TinkerGraph vs. ToroDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Stardog vs. TinkerGraph vs. ToroDB vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APIA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.stardog.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlingithub.com/­torodb/­servervirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.stardog.comdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperStardog-Union8KdataOpenLink Software
Initial release2010200920161998
Current release7.3.0, May 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infoImport/export of XML data possiblenonoyes
Secondary indexesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Servernoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
TinkerPop 3ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Groovy
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javanoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infovia event handlersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication in HA-ClusternoneSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusternoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptionalyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesnoAccess rights for users and rolesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
StardogTinkerGraphToroDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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StardogTinkerGraphToroDBVirtuoso
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