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DBMS > RDF4J vs. Realm vs. Virtuoso vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison RDF4J vs. Realm vs. Virtuoso vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRDF storeDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websiterdf4j.orgrealm.iovirtuoso.openlinksw.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationrdf4j.org/­documentationrealm.io/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosoweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019OpenLink SoftwareWeaviate B.V.
Initial release2004201419982019
Current release7.2.11, September 20231.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF Schemasyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
yes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesJava
PHP
Python
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryyes infoVirtuoso PLno
Triggersyesyes infoChange Listenersyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoIn-Memory realmyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
RDF4J infoformerly known as SesameRealmVirtuosoWeaviate
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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More resources
RDF4J infoformerly known as SesameRealmVirtuosoWeaviate
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