DBMS > MySQL vs. Qdrant vs. RDF4J vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison MySQL vs. Qdrant vs. RDF4J vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Widely used open source RDBMS

A high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matching

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Vector DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	1.16
Rank	#175	Overall
	#6	Vector DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

www.mysql.com

github.com/qdrant/qdrant
qdrant.tech

rdf4j.org

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

dev.mysql.com/doc

qdrant.tech/documentation

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Qdrant

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

1995

2021

2004

2014

Current release

8.3.0, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

C and C++

Rust

Java

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numbers, Strings, Geo, Boolean

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Keywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-text

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

OpenAPI 3.0

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

none

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Collection-level replication

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency, tunable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Key-based authentication

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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