DBMS > Milvus vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. SAP IQ vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Milvus vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. SAP IQ vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Columnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

column-oriented

Secondary database models

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.31
Rank	#113	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	2.92
Rank	#101	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	2.75
Rank	#104	Overall
	#53	Relational DBMS

Website

milvus.io

ravendb.net

rdf4j.org

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-iq-big-data-management.html

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

ravendb.net/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_IQ

Developer

Hibernating Rhinos

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

SAP, formerly Sybase

8Kdata

Initial release

2019

2010

2004

1994

2016

Current release

2.3.4, January 2024

5.4, July 2022

16.1 SPS04, April 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

C++, Go

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (RQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

shared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

SAP/Sybase Replication Server

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

Authorization levels configured per client per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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2 June 2023, Matthias Gelbmann

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