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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Stardog vs. Trino vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Stardog vs. Trino vs. VelocityDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQLA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score4.99
Rank#65  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#354  Overall
#37  Graph DBMS
#15  Object oriented DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.stardog.comtrino.iovelocitydb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.stardog.comtrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
velocitydb.com/­UserGuide
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperMicrosoftStardog-UnionTrino Software FoundationVelocityDB Inc
Initial release201920102012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL2011
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases7.3.0, May 20207.x
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC#
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
Any that supports .NET
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infoImport/export of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialdepending on connected data-sourceyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryesno
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
.Net
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes, depending on connected data-sourceno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infovia event handlersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonedepending on connected data-sourceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication in HA-Clusterdepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-Clusterdepending on connected data-sourceImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDdepending on connected data-sourceACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesdepending on connected data-sourceyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and rolesSQL standard access controlBased on Windows Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerStardogTrinoVelocityDB
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerStardogTrinoVelocityDB
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