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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Snowflake vs. Sphinx vs. Stardog vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Snowflake vs. Sphinx vs. Stardog vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataOpen source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databasesEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score130.36
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score5.95
Rank#55  Overall
#5  Search engines
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.snowflake.comsphinxsearch.comwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmlsphinxsearch.com/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperMicrosoftSnowflake Computing Inc.Sphinx Technologies Inc.Stardog-UnionTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release20192014200120102019
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases3.5.1, February 20237.3.0, May 20203.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC
Server operating systemshostedhostedFreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)yesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocolGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesnoyes infovia event handlersyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportednoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesnoneMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationnoAccess rights for users and rolesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerSnowflakeSphinxStardogTDengine
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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