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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB vs. SpaceTime vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB vs. SpaceTime vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerravendb.netwww.mireo.com/­spacetimespark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerravendb.net/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftHibernating RhinosMireoApache Software Foundation
Initial release2019201020202014
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases5.4, July 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC#C++Scala
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (RQL)A subset of ANSI SQL is implementedSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesnono
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingFixed-grid hypercubesyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationReal-time block device replication (DRBD)none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID, Cluster-wide transaction availablenono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseyesno

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerRavenDBSpaceTimeSpark SQL
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