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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. RRDtool vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. RRDtool vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score1.90
Rank#132  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqloss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreross.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­docsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesTobias OetikerSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2019199419992022
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 20211.8.0, 2022v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSSOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableRust
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
in-process shared library
Pipes
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
nonenone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesnoyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationnonoyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLRRDtoolSurrealDB
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