DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Prometheus vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Prometheus vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Open-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Time Series DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	5.16
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	7.92
Rank	#51	Overall
	#2	Time Series DBMS

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

prometheus.io

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

prometheus.io/docs

Developer

Microsoft

8Kdata

Initial release

2019

2015

2016

Current release

cloud service with continuous releases

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

Numeric data only

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

APIs and other access methods

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

yes

by Federation

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

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16 August 2022, Microsoft

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13 July 2023, microsoft.com

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6 June 2023, Microsoft

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9 February 2024, InfoWorld

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9 January 2023, Microsoft

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