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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Postgres-XL vs. TinkerGraph vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Postgres-XL vs. TinkerGraph vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APIA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.postgres-xl.orgtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlingithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesJuxt Ltd.
Initial release201919942014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB20092019
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 202110 R1, October 20181.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCCJavaClojure
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
macOS
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersyes infodistributed, parallel query executionnolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
TinkerPop 3HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Groovy
Java
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnouser defined functionsnono
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonehorizontal partitioningnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.nonenoneyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infoMVCCnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesnoyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptionalyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLPostgres-XLTinkerGraphXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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