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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. RethinkDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. RethinkDB vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.orgrethinkdb.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationrethinkdb.com/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Juxt Ltd.
Initial release20192014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB20092019
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases10 R1, October 20182.4.1, August 20201.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++Clojure
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infodistributed, parallel query executionnolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioningSharding inforange basednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoMVCCAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousers and table-level permissions

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgres-XLRethinkDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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