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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Rdb vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Rdb vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

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NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.14
Rank#178  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlrdf4j.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release2019198420042014
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases7.4.1.1, 20213.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScala
Server operating systemshostedHP Open VMSLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyes, on a single nodeACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationnono

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerOracle RdbRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSpark SQL
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