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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM vs. RethinkDB vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM vs. RethinkDB vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenQM infoalso called QM  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformQpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMSDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedMultivalue DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.34
Rank#284  Overall
#10  Multivalue DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-open-qmrethinkdb.comsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftRocket Software, originally Martin PhillipsThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017SurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2019199320092022
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases3.4-122.4.1, August 2020v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Rust
Server operating systemshostedAIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infowith some exceptionsschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnonoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelyes infousers and table-level permissionsyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenQM infoalso called QMRethinkDBSurrealDB
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