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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. MonetDB vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. MonetDB vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA relational database management system that stores data in columnsA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.monetdb.orggithub.com/­torodb/­servervelocitydb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperMicrosoftMonetDB BV8KdataVelocityDB Inc
Initial release2019200420162011
Current releasecloud service with continuous releasesDec2023 (11.49), December 20237.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaC#
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VMAny that supports .NET
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
.Net
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes, in SQL, C, Rno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnoCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding via remote tablesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesBased on Windows Authentication

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerMonetDBToroDBVelocityDB
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