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DBMS > MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.50
Rank#56  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#5  Search engines
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftApache Software FoundationTeradata
Initial release2001201920142005
Current release11.0, December 2022cloud service with continuous releases3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Scala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnoyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoSQL92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Python
R
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoR packages
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes, with Range Indexesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAzure Active Directory Authenticationnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
MarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpark SQLTeradata Aster
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