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DBMS > LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionIn-memory JavaScript DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationtechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftApache Software Foundation8Kdata
Initial release2014201920142016
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScriptScalaJava
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single collection possiblenonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
LokiJSMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpark SQLToroDB
DB-Engines blog posts

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