DBMS > LevelDB vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. OrigoDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. OrigoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

A fully ACID in-memory object graph database

Primary database model

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	2.09
Rank	#121	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	3.25
Rank	#89	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#13	Key-value stores

Score	0.06
Rank	#380	Overall
	#50	Document stores
	#18	Object oriented DBMS

Website

github.com/google/leveldb

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

orientdb.org

origodb.com

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

www.lmdb.tech/doc

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

origodb.com/docs

Developer

Google

Symas

Microsoft

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Robert Friberg et al

Initial release

2011

2014

2010

2009

under the name LiveDB

Current release

1.23, February 2021

0.9.32, January 2024

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

User defined using .NET types and collections

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

can be achieved using .NET

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

Java, Javascript

yes

Triggers

JavaScript

Hooks

yes

Domain Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

client side managed; servers are not synchronized

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

depending on model

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

Write ahead log

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

Role based authorization

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