DBMS > InterSystems Caché vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. VelocityDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison InterSystems Caché vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. VelocityDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Caché is a deprecated database engine which is substituted with InterSystems IRIS. It therefore is removed from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

A multi-model DBMS and application server

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#354	Overall
	#37	Graph DBMS
	#16	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.intersystems.com/products/cache

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.postgres-xl.org

velocitydb.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.intersystems.com

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

InterSystems

Microsoft

VelocityDB Inc

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1997

2019

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2011

2019

Current release

2018.1.4, May 2020

cloud service with continuous releases

10 R1, October 2018

7.x

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Mozilla public license

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Clojure

Server operating systems

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS

Any that supports .NET

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

depending on used data model

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

.Net

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Java

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

Azure Active Directory Authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Based on Windows Authentication

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