DBMS > Ingres vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

Well established RDBMS

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#80	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	0.93
Rank	#191	Overall
	#88	Relational DBMS

Website

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

Technical documentation

docs.actian.com/ingres

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

Developer

Actian Corporation

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Initial release

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1984

2012

Current release

12.0, July 2024

7.4.1.1, 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

HP Open VMS

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Ingres Replicator

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Graph DBMS increased their popularity by 500% within the last 2 years
3 March 2015, Paul Andlinger

Graph DBMSs are gaining in popularity faster than any other database category
21 January 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

Actian Launches Ingres 12.0 Database
4 June 2024, PR Newswire

CVE-2025-1974: The IngressNightmare in Kubernetes
24 March 2025, wiz.io

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14 April 2025, i-programmer.info

Michael Stonebraker
30 March 2025, Britannica

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24 September 2021, Integration Developer News

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31 May 2024, Data Center Knowledge

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22 October 2015, Amazon Web Services

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20 August 2015, All Things Distributed

Performance Tuning Your Titan Graph Database on AWS
14 December 2015, Amazon Web Services

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14 November 2019, InfoWorld

provided by Google News

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