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DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Splice Machine vs. Stardog vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Splice Machine vs. Stardog vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWell established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and SparkEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.54
Rank#252  Overall
#115  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticssplicemachine.comwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticssplicemachine.com/­how-it-worksdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperActian CorporationMicrosoftSplice MachineStardog-Union8Kdata
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2016201420102016
Current release11.2, May 20223.1, March 20217.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++JavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
PHP
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLyes infoJavauser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesnoyesyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioningShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar PartitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatoryesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication in HA-ClusterSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoYes, via Full Spark Integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
IngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSplice MachineStardogToroDB
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