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DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sqltypedb.com
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmltypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperActian CorporationMicrosoftApache Software FoundationVaticle
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201620142016
Current release11.2, May 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20232.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++ScalaJava
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLnono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatoryesnoneMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesnoyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
IngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQLTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
IngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQLTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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