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DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDFox vs. Splice Machine vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDFox vs. Splice Machine vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWell established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and SparkA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#300  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Score0.54
Rank#252  Overall
#115  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oxfordsemantic.techsplicemachine.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oxfordsemantic.techsplicemachine.com/­how-it-works
DeveloperActian CorporationMicrosoftOxford Semantic TechnologiesSplice Machine8Kdata
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2016201720142016
Current release11.2, May 20226.0, Septermber 20223.1, March 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyes infoRDF schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnoyes
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
PHP
C
Java
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLyes infoJava
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioningShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar PartitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres Replicatoryesreplication via a shared file systemMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoYes, via Full Spark Integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesRoles, resources, and access typesAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
IngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRDFoxSplice MachineToroDB
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