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DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDF4J vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDF4J vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWell established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeGraph DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsrdf4j.orgwww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperActian CorporationMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.8Kdata
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2016200420172016
Current release11.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnoSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
PHP
Java
PHP
Python
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLyesyes
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatoryesnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesnoRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
IngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTigerGraphToroDB
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