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DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL vs. Splice Machine vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL vs. Splice Machine vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWell established RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and SparkTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.54
Rank#252  Overall
#115  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­sqlsplicemachine.comtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlsplicemachine.com/­how-it-workstrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperActian CorporationMicrosoftApache Software FoundationSplice MachineApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2019201420142014
Current release11.2, May 2022cloud service with continuous releases3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20233.1, March 20212.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCScalaJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Python
R
Scala
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes infoJavaJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, utilizing Spark CoreShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar PartitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres Replicatoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkYes, via Full Spark Integrationyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
IngresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpark SQLSplice MachineTrafodion
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