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DBMS > Ingres vs. LokiJS vs. Virtuoso vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. LokiJS vs. Virtuoso vs. YDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonYDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSIn-memory JavaScript DBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsA distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Document store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score0.33
Rank#287  Overall
#43  Document stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSvirtuoso.openlinksw.comgithub.com/­ydb-platform/­ydb
ydb.tech
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingrestechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosoydb.tech/­en/­docs
DeveloperActian CorporationOpenLink SoftwareYandex
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201419982019
Current release11.2, May 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0; commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaScriptC
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXSQL-like query language (YQL)
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
JavaScript APIADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Supported programming languagesJavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptyes infoVirtuoso PLno
Triggersyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynoneyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatornoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Active-passive shard replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights defined for Yandex Cloud users
More information provided by the system vendor
IngresLokiJSVirtuosoYDB
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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