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DBMS > Ingres vs. Kingbase vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Kingbase vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWell established RDBMSAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.67
Rank#77  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#265  Overall
#124  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.kingbase.com.cnspark.apache.org/­sqltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperActian CorporationBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.Apache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s199920142014
Current release11.2, May 2022V8.0, August 20213.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC and JavaScalaC++, Java
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesStandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyhorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres Replicatoryesnoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
IngresKingbaseSpark SQLTrafodion
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