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DBMS > Ingres vs. Kingbase vs. MarkLogic vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Kingbase vs. MarkLogic vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWell established RDBMSAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.50
Rank#257  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.kingbase.com.cnwww.progress.com/­marklogicgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingreswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentation
DeveloperActian CorporationBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.MarkLogic Corp.8Kdata
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s199920012016
Current release11.2, May 2022V8.0, August 202111.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC and JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesStandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL92
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsyes infovia XQuery or JavaScript
Triggersyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyhorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatoryesyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
IngresKingbaseMarkLogicToroDB
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