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DBMS > Ingres vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.66
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.kinetica.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerravendb.net
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.kinetica.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperActian CorporationKineticaMicrosoftHibernating Rhinos
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201220192010
Current release11.2, May 20227.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases5.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC, C++C#
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersyesyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatorSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles on table levelAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
IngresKineticaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRavenDB
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