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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TinkerGraph vs. ToroDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TinkerGraph vs. ToroDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APIA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.92
Rank#73  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score0.12
Rank#344  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#351  Overall
#47  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tablestinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlingithub.com/­torodb/­servergithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoft8KdataJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20132012200920162019
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAll OS with a Java 7 VMAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APITinkerPop 3HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Groovy
Java
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonono
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneSource-replica replicationyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanooptimistic lockingnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptionalyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Table StorageTinkerGraphToroDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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