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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score1.46
Rank#159  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­torodb/­serverwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoft8KdataVoltDB Inc.
Initial release2013201620162010
Current release4.1.0, June 202211.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAll OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
Java
PHP
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQLJava
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesAccess rights for users and rolesUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseToroDBVoltDB
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