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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#347  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
#15  Object oriented DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­torodb/­servervelocitydb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoft8KdataVelocityDB Inc
Initial release2013201620162011
Current release4.1.0, June 20227.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaC#
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAll OS with a Java 7 VMAny that supports .NET
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
.Net
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
Java
PHP
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQLno
TriggersnononoCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesAccess rights for users and rolesBased on Windows Authentication

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseToroDBVelocityDB
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