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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Teradata Aster vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Teradata Aster vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftTeradata8Kdata
Initial release2013201620052016
Current release4.1.0, June 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoin Aster File Storeno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
Java
PHP
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQLR packages
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTeradata AsterToroDB
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