DBMS > Immudb vs. JaguarDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. JaguarDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Performant, highly scalable DBMS for AI and IoT applications

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Key-value store

Key-value store
Vector DBMS

Key-value store

RDF store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	0.06
Rank	#381	Overall
	#59	Key-value stores
	#15	Vector DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.jaguardb.com

github.com/google/leveldb

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

docs.immudb.io

www.jaguardb.com/support.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Codenotary

DataJaguar, Inc.

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2020

2015

2011

2004

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

3.3 July 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL V3.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

the server part. Clients available in other languages

C++

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

but no views, foreign keys, triggers

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

rights management via user accounts

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