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DBMS > IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J vs. Realm vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J vs. Realm vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRDF storeDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrdf4j.orgrealm.iospark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrdf4j.org/­documentationrealm.io/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperCirconus LLC.MicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20172019200420142014
Current releaseV0.10.20, January 2018cloud service with continuous releases3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++JavaScala
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoRDF Schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnonoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsHTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes, in LuaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryno
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes infoChange Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesAutomatic, metric affinity per nodeSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.nonenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoIn-Memory realmno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationnoyesno

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More resources
IRONdbMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameRealmSpark SQL
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