DBMS > IRONdb vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison IRONdb vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicity

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

column oriented

RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	4.38
Rank	#77	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

www.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/

google.github.io/lovefield

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

docs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-started

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Circonus LLC.

Google

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2017

2014

2019

2004

Current release

V0.10.20, January 2018

2.1.12, February 2017

cloud service with continuous releases

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

text, numeric, histograms

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

JavaScript

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes, in Lua

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Automatic, metric affinity per node

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

configurable replication factor, datacenter aware

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodes

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Azure Active Directory Authentication

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