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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J vs. Snowflake vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J vs. Snowflake vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score130.36
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitehsqldb.orggoogle.github.io/­lovefieldrdf4j.orgwww.snowflake.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Snowflake Computing Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release20012014200420142010
Current release2.7.2, June 20232.1.12, February 20177.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptJavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternnoyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
JavaScriptJava
PHP
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLnoyesuser defined functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersyesUsing read-only observersyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenonenoneyesMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infousing MemoryDBnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonoUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLovefieldRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSnowflakeStardog
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