DBMS > H2GIS vs. Immudb vs. PouchDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison H2GIS vs. Immudb vs. PouchDB vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Spatial extension of H2

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.05
Rank	#372	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.25
Rank	#307	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#116	Overall
	#22	Document stores

Score	2.05
Rank	#129	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

www.h2gis.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

pouchdb.com

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

www.h2gis.org/docs/home

docs.immudb.io

pouchdb.com/guides

docs.stardog.com

Developer

CNRS

Codenotary

Apache Software Foundation

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2013

2020

2012

2010

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

7.1.1, June 2019

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

LGPL 3.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like syntax

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

based on H2

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

based on H2

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

based on H2

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

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Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

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18 May 2020, hackernoon.com

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

Codenotary's immudb First Immutable Open Source Database to be FedRAMP Compliant
17 October 2022, Datanami

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