DBMS > H2 vs. Postgres-XL vs. Qdrant vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Postgres-XL vs. Qdrant vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

A high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matching

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Vector DBMS

RDF store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	1.28
Rank	#167	Overall
	#7	Vector DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

www.h2database.com

www.postgres-xl.org

github.com/qdrant/qdrant
qdrant.tech

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

qdrant.tech/documentation

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Thomas Mueller

Qdrant

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2005

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2021

2004

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Rust

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS

Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numbers, Strings, Geo, Boolean

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

Keywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-text

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

OpenAPI 3.0

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Collection-level replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency, tunable consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Key-based authentication

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