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DBMS > H2 vs. MySQL vs. RDFox vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. MySQL vs. RDFox vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Widely used open source RDBMSHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score1061.34
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#300  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.mysql.comwww.oxfordsemantic.techvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldev.mysql.com/­docdocs.oxfordsemantic.techdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperThomas MuellerOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunOxford Semantic TechnologiesOpenLink Software
Initial release2005199520171998
Current release2.2.220, July 20238.4.0, April 20246.0, Septermber 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++C++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoRDF schemasyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJavaAda
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infoproprietary syntaxyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
replication via a shared file systemChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesRoles, resources, and access typesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
H2MySQLRDFoxVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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Related products and services
3rd partiesCData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
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Navicat for MySQL is the ideal solution for MySQL/MariaDB administration and development.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for MySQL and many other database management systems.
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More resources
H2MySQLRDFoxVirtuoso
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