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DBMS > H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. MySQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. MySQL vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMSA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1083.74
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.mysql.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdev.mysql.com/­docwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperThomas MuellerMicrosoftOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2005201619952019
Current release2.2.220, July 20238.4.0, April 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageJavaC++C and C++Clojure
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infowith proprietary extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
Java
PHP
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLyes infoproprietary syntaxno
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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Related products and services
3rd partiesCData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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More resources
H2Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMySQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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